Varietal features of oil linseed yield formation depending on sowing rate and inter-row spacing in the conditions of Right-bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine

Abstract

Purpose. To establish the varietal features of the generative organs and plant morphological parts development; oil linseed yield formation during the cultivation with diffe­rent sowing density, which is regulated by the width between the rows (row spacing) and sowing rate.

Methods. Field research was carried out along 2016–2018 in the multifactorial stationary experiment at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, separate subdivision “Agronomic Research Station” (Kyiv Oblast). Scheme of the experiment: factor V – variety: ‘Aisberh’, ‘Liryna’; factor W – width between the rows: 12.5, 25 and 37.5 cm; factor S – sowing rate: 4, 6, 8 and 10 million seeds/ha.

Results. The oil linseed yield on average (over the years of research) varied from 1.03 to 1.64 t/ha, depending on the variety, row spacing and sowing rates. On average, (reference) yield of the ‘Liryna’ variety is 1.03–1.57 t/ha, and in terms of experimental years – 0.88–1.97 t/ha. ‘Liryna’ forms the highest yield with the sowing rate in 8 million seeds/ha with the width between the rows in 25 or 12.5 cm – 1.81 and 1.71 t/ha correspondently, and 1.65 t/ha with the width between the rows 37.5 cm. The optimum width of the row spacing for ‘Liryna’ variety and for all sowing rates is 25 cm. The ‘Aisberh’ linseed yield varied from 1.09 to 1.64 t/ha, and in terms of experimental years – from 0.90 to 1.78 t/ha. ‘Aisberh’ forms the highest yield with the sowing rate in 6 million seeds/ha and 25 cm of row spacing – 1.64 t/ha. The variants with increased sowing density with rates in 8 and 10 million seeds/ha lead to yield decreasing. Anyway, over the years of research, the number of boxes on the one flax plant changed depending on the sowing rate and row spacing. At the same time, more boxes were formed on the plants of ‘Liryna’ variety (1.44–3.88 pp.) in comparison with ‘Aisberh’ variety, although the last one was more variable on this indicator within the experimental variants. The weight of 1000 seeds of ‘Aisberh’ variety, depending on the variant of the experiment, varied from 7.31 to 7.58 g and of the variety ‘Liryna’ – from 6.44 to 6.65 g. ‘Aisberh’ variety in the weight of 1000 seeds exceeded ‘Liryna’ variety by 0,56–1,02 g in 2016, by 0,56–1,25 g in 2017 and by 1,01–1,09 g in 2018.

Conclusions. Changing the sowing rate and row spacing causes variability of the yield components formation – the number of boxes per plant, the number of grains in the box and the weight of 1000 seeds, which determine the individual productivity of the plant. The highest yield of the ‘Liryna’ variety is formed by sowing 6 and 8 million similar seeds per hectare with the row spacing in 25 cm. The ‘Aisberh’ variety provides higher yield at the sowing rate in 6 million seed per hectare and 25 cm of row spacing, while the sow thicke­ning to 8 and 10 million seeds per hectare leads to yield decreasing.